Obesity In Children

Up to one out of every five children in the U. S. is overweight or obese, and this number is continuing to grow. Children have fewer weight-related health and medical problems than adults. However, overweight children are at high risk of becoming overweight adolescents and adults, placing them at risk of developing chronic diseases such as heart disease and diabetes later in life. They are also more prone to develop stress, sadness, and low self-esteem.

What Causes Obesity in Children?

Children become overweight and obese for a variety of reasons. The most common causes are genetic factors, lack of physical activity, unhealthy eating patterns, or a combination of these factors. Only in rare cases is being overweight caused by a medical condition such as a hormonal problem. A physical exam and some blood tests can rule out the possibility of a medical condition as the cause for obesity.

Although weight problems run in families, not all children with a family history of obesity will be overweight. Children whose parents or brothers or sisters are overweight may be at an increased risk of becoming overweight themselves, but this can be linked to shared family behaviors such as eating and activity habits.

A child's total diet and activity level play an important role in determining a child's weight. Today, many children spend a lot time being inactive. For example, the average child spends approximately four hours each day watching television. As computers and video games become increasingly popular, the number of hours of inactivity may increase.

What Diseases Are Obese Children at Risk For?

Obese children are at risk for a number of conditions, including:

• High cholesterol
• High blood pressure
• Early heart disease
• Diabetes
• Bone problems
• Skin conditions such as heat rash, fungal infections, and acne

How Do I Know if My Child Is Overweight?

The best person to determine whether or not your child is overweight is your child's doctor. In determining whether or not your child is overweight, the doctor will measure your child's weight and height. The doctor will also consider your child's age and growth patterns. Assessing obesity in children can be difficult because children can grow in unpredictable spurts. For example, it is not unusual for boys to appear overweight, but they may grow taller and "grow into the weight" a few years later.

How Can I Help My Overweight Child?

If you have an overweight child, it is very important that you allow him or her to know that you will be supportive. Children's feelings about themselves often are based on their parents' feelings about them and if you accept your children at any weight, they will be more likely to feel good about themselves. It is also important to talk to your children about their weight, allowing them to share their concerns with you.

It is not recommended that parents set children apart because of their weight. Instead, parents should focus on gradually changing their family's physical activity and eating habits. By involving the entire family, everyone is taught healthful habits and the overweight child does not feel singled out.

Obesity In Black Women

NO harm intended, but the statistics speak for themselves. Black women, in epidemic proportions, some would say, are eating themselves to death. According to recent studies, 50 percent of African-American women are obese compared to only 40 percent of Mexican-American women and only 30 percent of White women. The problem, which seems to affect more Sisters at younger ages, is not simply a cosmetic problem. Obese women are more likely to suffer from cardiopulmonary disease, some forms of cancer, heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, congestive heart failure and arthritis.

Some African-American women on the forefront of are stepping up to say enough is enough. Dr. Ro, practicing nutritionist and author of Dr. Ro's Ten Secrets to Livin' Healthy, has firsthand advice and practical sup port for Sisters struggling against the odds. And Dr. Willarda Edwards, internal medicine doctor, president of the Sickle Cell Disease Association of America and former chairman of the board of the National Medical Association, offers African-American women a much-needed road map to find their way back to better foods, healthier appetites and slimmer figures.

SISTERS, after years of eating all the high-fat, high-sodium and sugar-laden food you wanted, if you looked in the mirror and wondered, "Who's that following me back there"--you're not alone.

It is my story to the very world!

Although the extra pounds and inches may seemingly come from nowhere, they are the result poor food choices combined with little to no activity. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that half of all Black women are overweight and 1 out of 2, age 40 and over, is obese. It is a troubling statistic, given that obesity leads to an increase in heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, and some forms of cancFor me, the devastating effects of obesity came firsthand. I lost my biological mother, Larvenia Brock, tragically, to stomach cancer. My mother was an overweight country girl, cab driver and owner of a juke joint in her hometown of Orange, Va. Her diet--complete with fried chicken sandwiches on white bread, pigs' feet, chitlins, potato salad and greens cooked with fatback (which served as my dietary blueprint)--contributed to her premature death.

But [fatty foods] aside, weight gain for African-American women may be different from that of other women. Your "sista-body" is different from the bodies of other women of other ethnic groups. And some researchers believe the difference may date back to the Middle Passage and slavery!

A group of German researchers have identified a gene, the thrifty gene, that may have been the reason African slaves were able to survive the Middle Passage. The thrifty gene, which helps the body to function based on a minimal amount of food, is still carried by some generations, even though starvation is hardly a threat. The typical sedentary lifestyle along with the high-fat, high-calorie diet of many African-Americans jump-starts the gene, causing obesity and its attendant diseases--diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease--all more prevalent in the Black community.

Still, genetics are not the only challenge that we face. Our cultural belief system and attitudes about our body image may also work against us. Culturally, we may think ourselves into bad health. Just as the once-popular hip-hop rap lyric announced that 'baby got back'--where Back women with ample derrieres were applauded for having big butts--some Black women (and their men) don't think themselves attractive unless they carry 'a little meat on their bones.' But when your standard of beauty places you at risk for chronic disease, it's time to change your mind in order to save your life!

There is hope. It's not where you start, like all processes, it's where you end up. Each day is a new opportunity to get it right. Today could be the day that you decide to eat smaller portions, cook your vegetables with herbs, without fatty meats or sauces and include one additional colorful vegetable or fruit in your diet. Why not? You've tried everything else. Make the decision to make your life better--today!

OBESITY is not a personal failure; it is a medical problem. But because of the pressures of our fast-paced society, complete with fast foods, packaged foods and high-calorie dishes, obesity has become more prevalent, especially among the Black community.

In some respects, the disparity may lie within the economic challenges of some African-American families. These families, including many single-parent households, may tend to purchase foods that are less expensive. Although less costly, these high-fat foods are high-carbohydrate and high-calorie substitutes for required daily nutrients. Many of the parents of these households may grab the fastest thing to cook, snack packages, prepared foods, frozen dinners, or similar items--all lacking the requisite nutritional value. A fast food-oriented lifestyle combined with a sedentary nature that includes little exercise contributes to obesity. Still, the underlying reasons may be emotional. In addition to dietary concerns and environmental issues, depression, isolation, psychological problems, etc. may also play a role.